Yoga means “union” it is as simple as that. Just as the word religion means a “binding together” so too does Yoga actually infer a spiritual practice meant to unite body and mind with consciousness or “soul,” if you will permit such a term. I prefer consciousness so as to remove this ancient tradition from its mystical connotations, which will surely distract one from its intended outcome, simply to increase your awareness of your body and to facilitate your mind to better control its organization. So please for the time being let us refrain from superstition and move onto a more scientific hypotheses.
Our first lesson in Yoga is with “Yama” or “Control.” It is the backbone of the Yogic tradition as it is a means to an end in most of the aspects of this art and it has been falsely translated as morality and has done much to cause confusion in its application by inferring some form of bodily denial on the participant, this is simply puritanical balderdash that somehow equates pain with good and pleasure with evil. “Parana” is the breath, that of which if you did not do, you would surely die, yet, as the sages of old have said, if you were able to control your breath, you would extend your life invariably. Modern science has even backed this up to some degree and great singers have always known that the more you breathe right the more you sing better. So combining these two words we get Paranayama or “Breath Control” and its use is simple controlling the flow of the breathe in a slow, deep and rhythmic motion. This can be done with the assistance of a metronome for those of you with a familiarity with music instruction. Or you can simply follow the rise and fall of your hand as you Breathe. This will take some getting used to but do not get discouraged, some take to it better than others, just remember that practice makes perfect.
The second Lesson is “Asana” or “Posture.”Again if we combine this with “Yama” we get “Posture Control” or Asana-yama. This is harder than Parana as our body does not like to sit still and will fight to go back into motion. This was the hardest for D as well as he has naturally been fidgety since being a young teen with a restless nature that refused to be still. Just as the silence breaks into the rapture the stillness breaks into being. Posture is all important in Yoga but do not be fooled by those that tell you that Yoga is posture alone and that it is simply a system of stretching exercises. Nothing could be farther from the truth and those that prattle about this nonsense need to reacquaint themselves with this truly arcane discipline. So once you have the breathing down and have found a somewhat comfortable posture to assume you combine your “Parana” with your “Asana” and gain “Yama” over them both respectively. Again Practice! Practice! Practice! Then will you achieve mastery over your body.
Before I go over the next lesson I want to touch upon “Niyama” a most misunderstood and misrepresented aspect of Yoga. It means “virtue” and like “Yama” above has been fallaciously translated and has caused much perplexity in its true application to this system of union. Virtue, what is this word? What does it mean? Virtue is complex and is defined differently by various institutions that think they have it all pinned down. To some it is like the misuse of the definition of Yama a restricting of the body of all the aspects of pleasure. Many orders of monks have took up this line of thought and in our modern times we have seen the repercussions of this by the heinous acts perpetuated by men on our children when they have failed in their virtue. So you should discount this approach as being not human. Man is a being of volitional consciousness and when you force him into something outside of his nature only abominations will ensue. So cutting off certain aspects of your natural desires is neither advisable nor necessary in this day and age now that we are in a more enlightened age. No I think virtue is of an entirely different character than we have supposed for centuries. We have also been told that virtue is in the denial or shedding of the ego, of the act of selfishness that is at the core of man. His sinful nature that must be expunged at all cost. But is this really good, is it healthy? Is not this ego like the desire we spoke of before just another part that makes us human. Is being selfish and wanting a better job, more money, a bigger house, more security for your family bad? Is selflessness better? Having no job, no desires, and kids without food on the table, living off welfare, hand outs, and whatever other scraps that happen to pass by like the wind. Is this virtue? Is this Moral? No it is not, they may have been able to fool people in the middle ages with such drivel but modern man is less likely to swallow such ballyhoo. With the economy going down the tubes and with people who have worked their butts off to put food on the table losing their jobs the idea that we are our brother’s keeper is wearing thin on our backs. No virtue or Niyama to modern man is more in alignment with a hard working ethic that produces tangible results that actually bring comfort to a species that came out of the dark cave of superstation so long ago. It is the same with the definition of Love; it is supposed to be selfless, divorced from want and desire, rooted in an act that becomes meaningless the more one tries to comprehend it. For what value or virtue could Love have for your life if it brought not increase but decrease? What would you gain from falling in love with someone who had nothing to offer you, nothing that you desired; it was only done as alms or charity? If your mate approached you and said you were a horrible wretch who meant nothing to them but they loved you anyway, wanted to marry you, and it would somehow better their nature by doing this, because anything otherwise would be selfish. No sane man or woman would accept this but this is what they want you to swallow, the Kool-Aid they want you to drink. No this cannot be what virtue truly is or means. The objectivist position is more correct in this matter so much more rooted in objective reality rather than self denial, for no apparent justification or evidence for this arrangement. Doing a hard days labor, bringing knowledge and goods into existence is a much nobler endeavor to strive toward. This is Virtue.
Now that certain facts have been cleared up and misconceptions corrected let us move on as enough has been said concerning virtue. Please refer to Mrs. Rand’s wonderful treatise “The virtue of selfishness” for a detailed account and more clarifying points to more elucidate this matter. The diligent student would do well to familiarize oneself with the body of her work so as to not fall in the chasm that has swallowed so many of the would be practitioner’s of this scared art of occult science. So many have died penniless, broke, addicted to drugs, addled with insanity, scourged with disease, and poverty of the mind because they have divorced themselves with the most valuable tools at their disposal. This ability to formulate thought through reason, the realization that there are only two choices possible to make in life, think or not think, so study the past of all these long gone masters and choose as the choice is yours.
“Pratyahara” is introspection and a deepening of the thought process, of focusing the thought process into a single stream of consciousness. This leads to “Dharana” or meditation proper, of controlling the mind and having it so focused that you are becoming singular in thought or being are enflamed by your very thinking process. This sounds confusing as it should because it is, yet it is no more confusing than the suburb athlete trying to explain to the novice how they hit that home run. That it is as much of a mental process as it is skill. Many athletes speak of a “zone” that they enter just before this homerun is achieved. Explaining how they got into this zone is as mysterious as “Dharana” and trying to bestow this same accomplishment is like asking the impossible. It just has to be experienced to be perceived, like a kid who has just discovered how to ride a bike; they just did it all of a sudden and got it. Trying to explain to them about the mechanics of balance and the proper momentum will tell them nothing about how to achieve this. This aspect of Yoga is very much like this it just has to be experienced and then you have it for life.
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